Kaya, Kayachikitsa
KAYA
Nirukti : Etymology
Kaya means body, in Which asthi etc. is accumulated. Kaya developes due to the effect of food that we ingest. The Sanskrit verb-root ‘chin chayane’ means to collect (food or nutrition). This means that body takes in food and after its assimilation it builds up various tissues. Hence the whole process of metabolism is understood by the term ‘kaya’.
In another etymology it has been explained that kaya or body is that which after assimilating the food, forms dosha, dhatu and mala.
Kaya means agni or digestive fire in the body.
Kaya also means mind and the psychological constitution which is produced due to the predominance of sattva, rajas and tamas.
Kaya also means agni or the body.
Paryaya : Synonyms
1.Kalevara (Amarkosha): Effect of combination of shukra and shonita.
2.Gatra (Shabdastoma Mahanidhi) :That which moves.
3. Vapu : That which carries.
4. Samhananam (Ch.sh. 4/35) : That which is formed by the proper combination of five elements.
5. Shariram (Su.sh. 4/63) :That which gets destroyed at each second.
6.Varshma : That which has the capssity to reproduce.
7.Vigraha : That which receives sukha (pleausre) and duhkha (pain).
8.Deha : That which grows constantly.
9.Murti : That which has shape.
10.Tanu : That which expands.
Paribhasha : Definition
If we put our both fingers in the ear and press them little, we Will be able to hear particular sound ‘dhuk’. This type of sound is found only in the living body or kaya.
Bheda : Types
Kaya also means mind and accordingly various types of Kaya psychological constitution has been classified in three types:
1. Sattvik Kaya
Individuals of a Sattvik kaya possess a good intellect and memory and have-an inherent instinct for cleanliness. Although they usually have good amount of knowledge, they always make efforts to get more. They possess a good will and allow others to prosper well. They are polite and have faith in the divine and devotion to the good.
Sub-types
There are 7 sub-types :Arsha (sage), Brahma, Mahendra, Yama, Varuna, Kubera and Gandharva. The important symptoms of these types of Kaya can be given as follows:
(1) Arsha : Religious, following all the rituals in correct manner, having excellent memory, purity, love and self control. Free from pride, ignorance, greed or anger. Possessing the power of understanding and retention.
(2) Brahma : Respectable, authoritative. Free from passion and anger. Possessing the knowledge and the power of discrimination.
(3) Mahendra or Aindra : Devotion to sacred books, studies rituals and oblations. Has good farsightedness, and strong courage. Knowledgeable and has authoritative behavior and speech.
(4) Varuna: Good looking, lovable, free from mean acts. Exhibits emotions in its proper place. Observes all religious rites.
(5) Yamya : Free from mean and conflicting desires and acts. Having initiative and excellent memory as well as leadership. Free from emotional binds, hatred, ignorance and envy. Has good capacity for timely action.
(6) Kubera : Enjoys pleasure in recreation but has liking for virtuous acts and purity. Has good courage, patience and hatred for impure thoughts.
(7) Gandharva : Possession of wealth, attendants and luxuries. Likes music, dance and all kinds of arts. Also found of poetry, stories and epics. Takes pleasure in various perfumes, good clothes, garlands and flowers. Full of passion.
2. Rajasika kaya:-
Those of a Rajasik kaya have a nature that tries to overpower others. They are of a propulsive and very dynamic energy. They are not satisfied with the positions and possessions they achieve, and therefore always strive for more. Hence they are ambitious and industrious in nature. Usually these people are hot-tempered and egoistic. They show an over expression of pain or pleasure. They have a brave but jealous and cruel character.
Sub-types: Rajasik kaya has been further divided into 6 types -Asura, Rakshasa, Paishachika, Sarpa, Preta and Shakuna.
(1) Asura : Has great pleasure in self-praise. He is very brave but cruel and full of envy as well as ruthless. He may have appearance that can create terror in others. Likes physical and verbal disguise.
(2) Rakshasa: He has constant behavior, which is full of cruel activity, anger and intolerance. Likes to eat, drink and sleep too much.
(3) Paishachika : Has unclean habits. Also likes to eat and drink, but has abnormal diet and daily regimen. Likes opposite sex.
(4) Sarpa : He may have brave or cowardly attitude. Has sharp reactions for others comments. Many times has fearful disposition.
(5) Preta : Has envious character, is greedy and actions Which are without discrimination. Also has excessive desire for food.
(6) Shakuna : He is full of passion. The character is unsteady but ruthless and has excessive appetite.
3. Tamasik Kaya
Those of a Tamasik kaya are lazy and ignorant-both physically and mentally. Consequently they are not curious about anything. Usually they have lesser intelligence. They prefer to work and are interested mainly - if not exclusively-in eating, drinking, and sleeping. They avoid cleanliness and are not health conscious. They are afraid of many things, hence they do not initiate any work on their own.
Sub-types:- Tamasika kaya has been divided into 3 types Pashava, Matsya and Vanaspatya.
(1) Pashava : His behavior is like animal (pashu). He lacks normal intelligence. Has excessive indulgence in sex and sleep.
(2) Matsya : He has unsteady character, With constant passion and is coward in nature. Has excessive desire for intake of water and other drinks.
(3) Vanaspatya : He also lacks natural intelligence and has excessive indulgence in food and drinks. He has no interest in arts and science as well as scientific achievements.
Nirukti : Etymology
Kaya means body, in Which asthi etc. is accumulated. Kaya developes due to the effect of food that we ingest. The Sanskrit verb-root ‘chin chayane’ means to collect (food or nutrition). This means that body takes in food and after its assimilation it builds up various tissues. Hence the whole process of metabolism is understood by the term ‘kaya’.
In another etymology it has been explained that kaya or body is that which after assimilating the food, forms dosha, dhatu and mala.
Kaya means agni or digestive fire in the body.
Kaya also means mind and the psychological constitution which is produced due to the predominance of sattva, rajas and tamas.
Kaya also means agni or the body.
Paryaya : Synonyms
1.Kalevara (Amarkosha): Effect of combination of shukra and shonita.
2.Gatra (Shabdastoma Mahanidhi) :That which moves.
3. Vapu : That which carries.
4. Samhananam (Ch.sh. 4/35) : That which is formed by the proper combination of five elements.
5. Shariram (Su.sh. 4/63) :That which gets destroyed at each second.
6.Varshma : That which has the capssity to reproduce.
7.Vigraha : That which receives sukha (pleausre) and duhkha (pain).
8.Deha : That which grows constantly.
9.Murti : That which has shape.
10.Tanu : That which expands.
Paribhasha : Definition
If we put our both fingers in the ear and press them little, we Will be able to hear particular sound ‘dhuk’. This type of sound is found only in the living body or kaya.
Bheda : Types
Kaya also means mind and accordingly various types of Kaya psychological constitution has been classified in three types:
1. Sattvik Kaya
Individuals of a Sattvik kaya possess a good intellect and memory and have-an inherent instinct for cleanliness. Although they usually have good amount of knowledge, they always make efforts to get more. They possess a good will and allow others to prosper well. They are polite and have faith in the divine and devotion to the good.
Sub-types
There are 7 sub-types :Arsha (sage), Brahma, Mahendra, Yama, Varuna, Kubera and Gandharva. The important symptoms of these types of Kaya can be given as follows:
(1) Arsha : Religious, following all the rituals in correct manner, having excellent memory, purity, love and self control. Free from pride, ignorance, greed or anger. Possessing the power of understanding and retention.
(2) Brahma : Respectable, authoritative. Free from passion and anger. Possessing the knowledge and the power of discrimination.
(3) Mahendra or Aindra : Devotion to sacred books, studies rituals and oblations. Has good farsightedness, and strong courage. Knowledgeable and has authoritative behavior and speech.
(4) Varuna: Good looking, lovable, free from mean acts. Exhibits emotions in its proper place. Observes all religious rites.
(5) Yamya : Free from mean and conflicting desires and acts. Having initiative and excellent memory as well as leadership. Free from emotional binds, hatred, ignorance and envy. Has good capacity for timely action.
(6) Kubera : Enjoys pleasure in recreation but has liking for virtuous acts and purity. Has good courage, patience and hatred for impure thoughts.
(7) Gandharva : Possession of wealth, attendants and luxuries. Likes music, dance and all kinds of arts. Also found of poetry, stories and epics. Takes pleasure in various perfumes, good clothes, garlands and flowers. Full of passion.
2. Rajasika kaya:-
Those of a Rajasik kaya have a nature that tries to overpower others. They are of a propulsive and very dynamic energy. They are not satisfied with the positions and possessions they achieve, and therefore always strive for more. Hence they are ambitious and industrious in nature. Usually these people are hot-tempered and egoistic. They show an over expression of pain or pleasure. They have a brave but jealous and cruel character.
Sub-types: Rajasik kaya has been further divided into 6 types -Asura, Rakshasa, Paishachika, Sarpa, Preta and Shakuna.
(1) Asura : Has great pleasure in self-praise. He is very brave but cruel and full of envy as well as ruthless. He may have appearance that can create terror in others. Likes physical and verbal disguise.
(2) Rakshasa: He has constant behavior, which is full of cruel activity, anger and intolerance. Likes to eat, drink and sleep too much.
(3) Paishachika : Has unclean habits. Also likes to eat and drink, but has abnormal diet and daily regimen. Likes opposite sex.
(4) Sarpa : He may have brave or cowardly attitude. Has sharp reactions for others comments. Many times has fearful disposition.
(5) Preta : Has envious character, is greedy and actions Which are without discrimination. Also has excessive desire for food.
(6) Shakuna : He is full of passion. The character is unsteady but ruthless and has excessive appetite.
3. Tamasik Kaya
Those of a Tamasik kaya are lazy and ignorant-both physically and mentally. Consequently they are not curious about anything. Usually they have lesser intelligence. They prefer to work and are interested mainly - if not exclusively-in eating, drinking, and sleeping. They avoid cleanliness and are not health conscious. They are afraid of many things, hence they do not initiate any work on their own.
Sub-types:- Tamasika kaya has been divided into 3 types Pashava, Matsya and Vanaspatya.
(1) Pashava : His behavior is like animal (pashu). He lacks normal intelligence. Has excessive indulgence in sex and sleep.
(2) Matsya : He has unsteady character, With constant passion and is coward in nature. Has excessive desire for intake of water and other drinks.
(3) Vanaspatya : He also lacks natural intelligence and has excessive indulgence in food and drinks. He has no interest in arts and science as well as scientific achievements.
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